Characterization Comparing the collagen and calcium content in golden sea cucumbers processed using freeze-dry versus grinder method to produce bone supplements

Abstract Background: Osteoporosis, a disease with a multifactorial etiology, affects 10.3% of the population in Indonesia. Bone supplements are essential for preventing osteoporosis. Gold sea cucumber is considered a potential bone supplement because it contains active ingredients such as collagen, calcium, mucopolysaccharides, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and minerals that are beneficial for bone health. Purpose: To compare the collagen and calcium content between golden sea cucumbers processed using the freeze-dry method and grinder method, for producing bone supplements. Methods: The golden sea cucumbers were divided into two groups: V1 (golden sea cucumber processed using the freeze-dry method) and V2 (processed using the grinder method). Both groups were processed into powder form and tested for collagen content using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method and calcium using AOAC method 985.35 (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophometry). Results: Descriptive testing revealed that the collagen content in group V1 was 16.8 ± 0.6, while in group V2 it was 13.0267 ± 0.7024; calcium content in group VI was 0.0600 ± 0.00272 while group V2 it was 0.0532 ± 0.00300 An independent t-test showed a significant difference in collagen content between the two groups, and also calcium with a p-value of p = 0.000 and 0,043 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The collagen and calcium content in sea cucumbers processed using the freeze-dry method is higher than that of the grinder method, demonstrating that these method is more optimal for producing collagen and calcium for bone supplements.