Optimization of parameters and thermodynamics of gasification process for enhanced CO2 capture in an IGCC system

The integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology is known for its efficient utilization of energy resources and high comprehensive energy utilization efficiency. However, the exhaust emissions from an IGCC power plant still contain a significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), which has a detrimental impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to capture CO2 and reduce its emissions in IGCC to reduce the environmental impact. Accordingly, this study developed an integrated model for capturing CO2 emissions from a 250 MW IGCC system. After establishing the model, sensitivity analysis was conducted to obtain the optimal parameters for the MDEA absorption technology, followed by an analysis of energy consumption. Additionally, the operational parameters of the coal gasification unit were optimized to mitigate the elevated energy consumption linked to the CO2 capture unit. It turns out that the original gasification system has an energy consumption rate of 57.6%, whereas the optimized system achieves a significantly reduced to 42.8%, resulting in a notable improvement in the energy efficiency of the gasification unit by 10.2%. Additionally, the exergy efficiency of the gasification process is improved by 6.4%. This research paradigm showcases the opportunity to significantly improve the sustainability and economic feasibility of IGCC technology.