Research on Near-Miss Incidents Monitoring and Early Warning System for Building Construction Sites Based on Blockchain Technology

With the expansion of the scale of construction projects, the safety situation of construction projects has become more and more severe, and strengthening near-miss event management can effectively improve the safety management level of building construction sites and prevent safety accidents from occurring. However, the traditional monitoring and early warning systems rely on manual supervision, which is heavy and inefficient and cannot detect near-miss events in time. In the context of big data, blockchain technology, which is widely used, has the characteristics of decentralization, distrust, openness, nontamperability, and traceability, which can improve the safety of building construction sites to a certain extent. The primary objective of this study is to automatically monitor and early warn of near-miss events at building construction sites through the use of blockchain technology to effectively avoid the occurrence of building construction site safety accidents and reduce the incidence of safety accidents. To achieve this objective, we first constructed a knowledge base of near-miss events at building construction sites. Then, the near-miss event monitoring and early warning system for building construction sites based on blockchain technology was established. Finally, the near-miss incidents of not wearing safety belts working at height, which exists on the construction site, were used as an example to verify the feasibility and reliability of the monitoring and early warning system. The results show that the monitoring and early warning system has strong feasibility and practicability, and has certain research value. As the primary contribution, this paper developed a method of using blockchain technology for near-miss event monitoring and early warnings at building construction sites, which can realize real-time monitoring and automatic early warning, detect near-miss events in time, help trace the responsibility of events at a later stage, and improve the safety management level of building construction sites.