Pre-baked anode based on petroleum coke used as lithium-ion battery anode material

Abstract Non-calcined petroleum coke can serve as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, this method results in materials with insufficient conductivities and low Coulombic efficiencies during the initial cycle. To address these challenges, the usage of pre-baked carbon anodes as a material for anodes in LIBs is proposed in this study. The surface features of the pre-baked anode (i.e. wrinkle-like filaments) aid in reducing the volume expansion of the electrode during the lithium-ion insertion–removal process. Furthermore, the treatment increases the particle contact area, improving the conductivity of the pre-baked anode. At a current density of 3 A g −1 , the pre-baked anode demonstrated an initial discharge capacity and a stable discharge capacity of 548.7 and 134.5 mAh g −1 , respectively, after 100 cycles. The capacity of the anode (after 1000 cycles) consistently varies within a narrow range at a current density of 3 A g −1 , indicating the stability of the electrode capacity over extended use. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights into exploring potential applications of pre-baked anode materials.