视网膜假体
视网膜
视觉假肢
材料科学
光电二极管
视网膜植入物
光伏系统
光电子学
生物医学工程
植入
光学
像素
医学
电气工程
眼科
物理
外科
工程类
作者
Keith Mathieson,James Loudin,Georges Goetz,Philip Huie,Xun Hu,Theodore I. Kamins,Ludwig Galambos,Richard Smith,James S. Harris,Alexander Sher,Daniel Palanker
出处
期刊:Nature Photonics
[Springer Nature]
日期:2012-05-13
卷期号:6 (6): 391-397
被引量:381
标识
DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2012.104
摘要
Retinal degenerative diseases lead to blindness due to loss of the "image capturing" photoreceptors, while neurons in the "image processing" inner retinal layers are relatively well preserved. Electronic retinal prostheses seek to restore sight by electrically stimulating surviving neurons. Most implants are powered through inductive coils, requiring complex surgical methods to implant the coil-decoder-cable-array systems, which deliver energy to stimulating electrodes via intraocular cables. We present a photovoltaic subretinal prosthesis, in which silicon photodiodes in each pixel receive power and data directly through pulsed near-infrared illumination and electrically stimulate neurons. Stimulation was produced in normal and degenerate rat retinas, with pulse durations from 0.5 to 4 ms, and threshold peak irradiances from 0.2 to 10 mW/mm(2), two orders of magnitude below the ocular safety limit. Neural responses were elicited by illuminating a single 70 μm bipolar pixel, demonstrating the possibility of a fully-integrated photovoltaic retinal prosthesis with high pixel density.
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