Resin infusion in porous preform in the presence of HPM considering complex geometry and gravity: Flow simulation and experimental validation

Present work demonstrates the complete numerical modeling and experimental validation of transient incompressible two-phase flow during vacuum infusion (VI) in the presence and absence of high permeability media (HPM) considering gravity effects. Coupled flow modeling based on continuity equations, Darcy’s law for porous media flow, including gravity effects with level set front tracking algorithm, has been developed on the multiblock-structured grid with higher-order finite-difference framework to predict the spatio-temporal preform saturation during infusion with/without HPM on the complex mold configurations. The model-predicted instantaneous change in pressure, thickness elevation, fill time, flow front positions, and influence of gravity have been validated with experiments for horizontal and vertical flat plates using pressure sensors and digital cameras. For the first time, the complete modeling and experimentation of transient VI in the presence or absence of HPM, including gravity, shows the ability to predict realistic preform saturation during VI in different mold geometry.