材料科学
阳极
电解质
相间
锂(药物)
合金
化学工程
氟化锂
电化学
电极
复合材料
无机化学
化学
物理化学
医学
生物
遗传学
工程类
内分泌学
作者
Yuanjian Li,Eryang Mao,Zhiwen Min,Zhao Cai,Zihe Chen,Lin Fu,Xiangrui Duan,Lingyue Wang,Chang Zhang,Ziheng Lu,Wei Liu,Zhi Wei Seh,Yongming Sun
出处
期刊:ACS Nano
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2023-09-28
卷期号:17 (19): 19459-19469
被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.3c08576
摘要
Low-temperature lithium metal batteries are of vital importance for cold-climate condition applications. Their realization, however, is plagued by the extremely sluggish Li+ transport kinetics in the vicinity of Li metal anode at low temperatures. Different from the widely adopted electrolyte engineering, a functional interphase design concept is proposed in this work to efficiently improve the low-temperature electrochemical reaction kinetics of Li metal anodes. As a proof of concept, we design a hybrid polymer-alloy-fluoride (PAF) interphase featuring numerous gradient fluorinated solid-solution alloy composite nanoparticles embedded in a polymerized dioxolane matrix. Systematic experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate that the hybrid PAF interphase not only exhibits superior lithiophilicity but also provides abundant ionic conductive pathways for homogeneous and fast Li+ transport at the Li-electrolyte interface. With enhanced interfacial dynamics of Li-ion migration, the as-designed PAF-Li anode works stably for 720 h with low voltage hysteresis and dendrite-free electrode morphology in symmetric cell configurations at -40 °C. The full cells with PAF-Li anode display a commercial-grade capacity of 4.26 mAh cm-2 and high capacity retention of 74.7% after 150 cycles at -20 °C. The rational functional interphase design for accelerating ion-transfer kinetics sheds innovative insights for developing high-areal-capacity and long-lifespan lithium metal batteries at low temperatures.
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