Multifunctional phosphorus-containing porphyrin dye for efficiently improving the thermal, toughness, flame retardant and dielectric properties of epoxy resins

To promote the application potential of epoxy resins (EPs) in electronic packaging, a novel phosphorus-containing porphyrin (PPR) dye was designed and synthesized to enhance the thermal, mechanical, flame retardant and dielectric properties of EPs. Incorporating PPR can efficiently improve the glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermodynamic properties of bisphenol-A EP. Meanwhile, PPR exhibited a significant toughening effect for EP with an enhancement of 59.5 % of elongation at the break without any stress sacrifice. Moreover, the loading of only 5 wt% PPR led to the UL-94 V-0 rating for EP. When 7 wt% PPR was added into EP, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 44.3 % and 14.6 %, respectively, indicating the distinguished flame retardant properties. More importantly, the dielectric constant of EP composites gradually decreased with the increasing loading of PPR. This work provides a feasible approach to create EP composites via incorporating P-based porphyrin which are promisingly utilized as electronic packaging materials in integrated circuits field.