Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1-RA) and GLP-1/Gastrointestinal Peptide RA (GLP-1/GIP-RA) Use in Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity

Background: Many young people with type 1 diabetes have overweight or obesity (OW/OB). OW/OB increases risks of cardiovascular and kidney disease, leading causes of death in type 1 diabetes. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1-RA), improves body mass index (BMI) and glycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes and OW/OB. However, GLP-1-RA and GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)-RA data are lacking in younger patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods: We assessed real-world use of GLP-1-RA and GLP-1/GIP-RA in 33 youth/young adults with type 1 diabetes and OW/OB. Results: From baseline to 12 months, HbA1c decreased by 0.32% (±0.12), BMI by 2.2 kg/m 2 (± 0.38), weight by 7.0 kg (±1.5), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) average glucose by 19.2 mg/dL (±6.7) and time above range by 10.8% (±3.8); CGM time in range increased by 11.7%. Insulin dose also decreased by 14.6 units/day (±5.7) at 6 months. Conclusions: These findings suggest GLP-1-RA and GLP-1/GIP-RA are promising options for treating type 1 diabetes complicated by OW/OB in youth and young adults.