Multivariate analysis of technological, economic and environmental aspects in comparison of methods for extraction of phenolic compounds from leaves of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis

Phenolic compounds extracted from large-tonnage crop waste – cauliflower leaves – can be used in the production of bio-logically active substances in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The results of multifactorial experiment to establish a rational method of ultrasonic treatment mode for extraction of phenolic compounds from cauliflower leaves taking into account ecological and economic aspects are given. The method of maceration in aqueous and aqueous-ethyl solution and ultrasonic treatment in aqueous-ethyl solution were considered. The type of extractant, extraction duration, hydromodule, and ultrasound power were analyzed, as well as operating costs and environmental impact indicators: carbon footprint of the treatment, freshwater eutrophication and soil acidification. Dried cauliflower leaves of the Movir-74 variety from the Leningrad region were processed to obtain the extract. The method of ultrasonic processing was carried out using ultra-sonic bath GRAD 40-35. The content of phenolic compounds was determined by spectrophotometric method on spectro-photometer PE-5400UV. The application of ultrasonic treatment in comparison with maceration reduces the duration of treatment by 2.3 times, carbon footprint by 2.1 times and slightly reduces the cost of extractant by 1.1 times. Finding the rational method and the best mode of extraction during multifactorial experiment allows increasing the efficiency of ex-traction processes of biologically active substances from selected raw materials, however, for the final choice it is neces-sary to take into account not only the operating costs but also the environmental impact.