Sex differences in the single-nuclei hippocampal neurovascular unit transcriptomic response to type 2 diabetes

Utilizing single-nuclei RNA sequencing of the hippocampus in the db/db murine model, we report sex-specific and cell type-specific neurovascular unit responses to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sex specificity predominated in endothelial cells, characterized by a greater response in females, including altered expression of genes involved in the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. A few T2DM-induced transcriptomic responses were common to all cell types and both sexes, including differential gene expression regulating altered blood-brain-barrier permeability.