铋
材料科学
烧结
铁电性
钛酸铋
氧化物
陶瓷
极化(电化学)
相界
微观结构
晶界
兴奋剂
矿物学
电阻率和电导率
电导率
相(物质)
复合材料
冶金
电介质
光电子学
物理化学
化学
有机化学
工程类
电气工程
作者
Zhibin Fan,Clive A. Randall
摘要
Adding excessive metal oxide doping to a powder batch is a known way to compensate for the loss of volatile cation species during high temperature sintering. An important case in the piezoelectric ceramics is the bismuth oxide in the lead-free ferroelectric ceramic bismuth sodium titanate (BNT). Building from the earlier knowledge about excessive bismuth oxide's influences on the properties of BNT, we further note that varying the sintering temperature can both control the distribution of excessive Bi3+ and impact the relaxor/normal ferroelectric behaviors and corresponding phase transition. In addition to the nature of polarization, the sintering temperature also significantly manipulates the electrical conductivity. A hypothetical mechanism for the resistive grain boundary is proposed, based on inferences from electrical—microstructure—processing relations in 85% Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-15% BaTiO3 with batched Bi2O3 excess and acceptor Mg2+ in a co-doped strategy.
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