抗抑郁药
AMPA受体
药理学
神经科学
谷氨酸的
重性抑郁障碍
药品
心理学
医学
NMDA受体
受体
精神科
谷氨酸受体
海马体
内科学
认知
作者
Andrzej Pilc,Agata Machaczka,Paweł Kawalec,Jodi L. Smith,Jeffrey M. Witkin
标识
DOI:10.1080/17460441.2022.2111415
摘要
Major depressive disorder remains a prevalent world-wide health problem. Currently available antidepressant medications take weeks of dosing, do not produce antidepressant response in all patients, and have undesirable ancillary effects.The present opinion piece focuses on the major inroads to the creation of new antidepressants. These include N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and related compounds like ketamine, psychedelic drugs like psilocybin, and muscarinic receptor antagonists like scopolamine. The preclinical and clinical pharmacological profile of these new-age antidepressant drugs is discussed.Preclinical and clinical data have accumulated to predict a next generation of antidepressant medicines. In contrast to the current standard of care antidepressant drugs, these compounds differ in that they demonstrate rapid activity, often after a single dose, and effects that outlive their presence in brain. These compounds also can provide efficacy for treatment-resistant depressed patients. The mechanism of action of these compounds suggests a strong glutamatergic component that involves the facilitation of AMPA receptor function. Antagonism of mGlu2/3 receptors is also relevant to the antidepressant pharmacology of this new class of drugs. Based upon the ongoing efforts to develop these new-age antidepressants, new drug approvals are predicted in the near future.
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