The transverse electric plasmonic modes in a negative refractive index black phosphorene waveguide structure

Abstract We consider the transverse electric (TE) plasmonic modes supported by black phosphorene (BP) in a parallel waveguide structure with left-handed material (LHM) instead of the conventional right-handed dielectric material. The existence condition of the TE BP surface plasmon polariton (SPP) is I m σ > 0 . When an electric field is polarized along one of the two orthogonal crystal axes, the anisotropic symmetric and anti-symmetric plasmonic modes depend on the incident optical energy, the chemical potential, and the distance between two BP sheets can be observed. The symmetric mode has a more extensive effective refractive index, which possesses stronger field confinement. With a decreasing distance d between two BP sheets, the coupling strength between the two separate BPSPP waves increases. When d is small enough, the anti-symmetric mode root does not exist. LHMs can be used to realize a TE BPSPP mode to enhance the localization of the BPSPP, which is a practical method in optoelectronic devices based on black phosphorene.