Outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for 16 patients with myeloid sarcoma

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with myeloid sarcoma (MS). Methods The therapeutic effect of allo-HSCT on 16 patients with MS in our center was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 5 patients were diagnosed as isolated MS, 10 patients were MS presenting with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and 1 was accompanied with myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm(MDS/MPN). Results All of the 16 patients were diagnosed as MS by pathological biopsies. Patients were initially treated with chemotherapy and then allo-HSCT. Hematopoiesis reconstitution was achieved in all the patients, with a median follow-up time of 36(4-106)months after transplantation, 7 patients died. The 3-year overall survival(OS) was 54.17%. Six patients(37.5%)relapsed after allo-HSCT, and the relapse was the major cause of death. Conclusions Allo-HSCT is an effective therapeutic option for patients with MS. Key words: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Myeloid sarcoma; Outcome