柯石英
辉锑矿
撞击坑
冲击变质作用
鳞石英
陨石
方石英
地质学
矿物学
休克(循环)
材料科学
冲击结构
石英
天体生物学
复合材料
榴辉岩
俯冲
古生物学
构造学
医学
物理
内科学
作者
Seung–Yeol Lee,Jinming Cai,Shiyun Jin,Dongzhou Zhang,Ramathasan Thevamaran,Huifang Xu
出处
期刊:ACS earth and space chemistry
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2020-07-01
卷期号:4 (8): 1291-1297
被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00090
摘要
The shock metamorphism of opal-A induced by supersonic microprojectile impacts in an advanced laser-induced projectile impact test (LIPIT) was investigated using synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The three-dimensional topography of the impact area is similar to the meteorite crater that has a circular outline with an uplifted rim. The post-impact synchrotron XRD and TEM analyses show the phase transformation of opal-A to coesite together with opal-CT, tridymite, and cristobalite. The impact simulation estimates that the shocked areas experienced pressures up to ∼0.6–0.7 GPa. The results suggest that the transition pressure from opal-A to coesite is lower than the transition pressure of quartz to coesite (∼2 GPa). The impact-induced phase transformation of opal-A to coesite at low pressure could be related to the local precursor structure (coesite domain) and water content (∼6.7 wt %) in opal-A. The investigation of minerals via the LIPIT technique provides a new way of simple and cost-effective shock-metamorphic experiments. The combined micron-scale ballistic test, impact simulation, and high-resolution characterization techniques will be useful to study the shock metamorphism of various minerals from macro-, micro-, to nanoscale, which will help understand the impact phenomena on Earth, Mars, and many other types of meteorites and asteroids.
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