Predicting survival for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy of unresectable colorectal liver metastases: Radiomics analysis of pretreatment computed tomography

Abstract Objective Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is an effective treatment for advanced unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). This study was conducted to predict the efficacy of HAIC in patients with unresectable CRLM by radiomics methods based on pretreatment computed tomography (CT) examinations and clinical data. Materials and Methods A total of 63 patients were included in this study (41 in the training group and 22 in the validation group). All these patients underwent CT examination before HAIC. During the follow-up period, CT scans and laboratory examinations were performed regularly. Eighty-five radiological features were extracted from the regions of interest (ROIs) of CT images using the PyRadiomics program. The t -test and correlation were applied to select features. These features were analyzed using LASSO-Cox regression, and a linear model was developed to predict overall survival (OS). Results After reducing features by t -test and correlation test, seven features remained. After LASSO-Cox cross-validation, four features remained at λ = 0.232. They were gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray level run length matrix (GLRLM), neighborhood gray tone difference matrix (NGTDM), and the location of the primary tumor. The C-index was 0.758 in the training group and 0.743 in the test group. Nomograms predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival were established. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that a radiomics approach based on pretreatment CT texture analysis has the ability to predict early the outcome of HAIC in patients with advanced unresectable colorectal cancer with a high degree of accuracy and feasibility.