Impact of Sodium Butyrate Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Adipose Tissue Modulation in Murine Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

In this model of pre-established obesity and hyperandrogenism, butyrate supplementation was not metabolically protective. Instead, it was associated with worsened adipose inflammation, altered adipokine profiles, and impaired glucose regulation. These findings highlight the context-dependent nature of butyrate's effects and caution against its generalization as a universally beneficial metabolic modulator.