A simple approach for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells in air

Vacuum-vapor assisted solution processing has been investigated as a simple and low cost method for preparing perovskite solar cells without a glove box. The devices were prepared in ambient air without using a high vacuum or an inert atmosphere. A maximum efficiency of 12.7% for planar perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) devices was obtained. The perovskite films could be stored in air (20 °C, ∼50% humidity) for up to 14 days without discoloration or the appearance of crystalline lead iodide in the films.