量子纠缠
量子密钥分配
协议(科学)
钥匙(锁)
计算机科学
量子信息科学
量子
计算机网络
极化(电化学)
模式(计算机接口)
拓扑(电路)
物理
数学
量子力学
计算机安全
组合数学
医学
操作系统
病理
物理化学
化学
替代医学
作者
Yu‐Bo Sheng,Lan Zhou,Gui‐Lu Long
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scib.2021.11.002
摘要
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) attracts much attention for it can transmit secret messages directly without sharing a key. In this article, we propose a one-step QSDC protocol, which only requires to distribute polarization-spatial-mode hyperentanglement for one round. In this QSDC protocol, the eavesdropper cannot obtain any message, so that this protocol is unconditionally secure in principle. This protocol is a two-way quantum communication and has high capacity for it can transmit two bits of secret messages with one pair of hyperentanglement. With entanglement fidelities of both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom being 0.98, the maximal communication distance of this one-step QSDC can reach about 216 km. QSDC can also be used to generate the key. In this regard, the key generation rate is estimated about 2.5 times of that in the entanglement-based QKD with the communication distance of 150 km. With the help of future quantum repeaters, this QSDC protocol can provide unconditionally secure communication over arbitrarily long distance.
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