2D nanomaterials as lubricant additive: A review

This review focuses on the tribological performance of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials as lubricant additives. 2D nanomaterials have been intensively investigated for tribological applications due to their unique molecular structure and lubricating properties. High strength between atoms within the same layer and low interlayer shear strength make them excellent candidates for lubricating dual rubbing surfaces. Recent developments in using 2D nanomaterials as additives to improve the friction reduction and anti-wear properties of base lubricants are reviewed, and the mechanisms of improved lubrication by these nanomaterials are described. These innovative studies have provided useful approaches to new, high-performance lubricating systems and to increasing the energy efficiency and reliability of existing mechanical systems.