The liver in congestive heart failure

Abstract Hepatic abnormalities constitute common and important secondary effects of congestive heart failure. Considerable information has been accumulated on the liver in heart failure, including anatomic changes, 1–10 biochemical alterations, 11–18 and physiologic disturbances. 19 The present report is based on histologic studies of the liver correlated with clinical and biochemical findings in seventy-five patients with congestive heart failure. The investigation was undertaken to further the evaluation of the mechanism and significance of hepatic abnormalities in chronic circulatory congestion.