Progress of whole cell-based biocatalysis in nonaqueous media

Nonaqueous whole cell-based biocatalysis,as an important part of biocatalysis,which can enhance the solubility of poorly soluble compounds,change the thermodynamic equilibrium in favor of product synthesis and so on.In this paper,we introduce the selection of organic solvents and biocatalysts in nonaqueous whole cell biocatalysis system,such as lgP method,computer aided molecule design based on high product extractability,and solvent resistance of biocatalysts.Moreover,we review the methods to improve cell catalytic activity in nonaqueous media,including screening and construction of extreme microorganisms,cell immobilization,and recent application of nonaqueous whole cell-based biocatalysis in spices,drugs and medicine intermediates.Finally,we propose the main efforts on nonaqueous whole cell-based biocatalysis in view of biology and engineering.