Purpose To evaluate the significance of NF-κB and cyclinD1 protein expression and their relationship in the gliomas. The expressions of NF-κB p65 protein,cyclinD1 protein in 45 cases of gliomas and 10 cases of normal brain tissues were studied immunohistochemically. None of the normal tissues exhibited NF-κB p65, cyclinD1 protein .In contrast, 27 of 45 glioma specimens were positive for NF-κB p65 protein with a 60.0% positive rate (P0.01), and 19 of 45 glioma specimens were positive for cyclinD1 protein with a 42.2% positive rate (P0.01).The NF-κB p65 protein and cyclinD1 protein expression were correlated to the differentiation (P0.05).The expression of NF-κB p65 was closely related with the expression of cyclinD1. [Conclusion] NF-κB p65 is a new oncogenic protein related to the gliomas. NF-κB p65 up-regulates the expression of cyclinD1, then lead to tumor occurrence.