卡车
温室气体
计算机科学
车辆路径问题
缩小
约束(计算机辅助设计)
数学优化
汽车工程
布线(电子设计自动化)
总成本
运筹学
数学
工程类
业务
生物
会计
几何学
计算机网络
生态学
作者
Afsane Amiri,Saman Hassanzadeh Amin,Hossein Zolfagharinia
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.eswa.2022.119228
摘要
This paper considers a Green Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP), which includes heavy-duty electric and conventional trucks. We develop a new bi-objective programming model defined on a set of vertices, including a depot, a group of customers, and a set of charging stations. The first objective function is the minimization of the total cost of transportation. To meet the growing environmental concerns, we also consider a second objective function which minimizes total Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. To solve the bi-objective problem, we integrate three multi-objective solution methods (i.e., weighted-sum, ε-constraint, and hybrid methods) with the Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). We thereby generate a set of instances based on real-world locations in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and some parts of Ontario in Canada. These instances are then solved by applying the proposed solution methods. The obtained numerical results from the designed experiments revealed that by enhancing the charging power from 90 kW to 350 kW, transportation costs could decrease by up to 5 %. In addition, by doubling the number of stations in the same service area, delivery companies could lower their transportation costs by 2 %. Furthermore, a slight increase (less than 3 %) in transportation costs leads to a remarkable reduction (more than 18 %) in GHG emissions.
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