免疫系统
免疫
先天免疫系统
免疫学
败血症
获得性免疫系统
抗原
新生儿败血症
生物
医学
作者
Valerie E Polcz,Jaimar Rincon,Russell B. Hawkins,Evan Barrios,Philip A. Efron,Lyle L. Moldawer,Shawn D. Larson
出处
期刊:Shock
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:2022-11-17
卷期号:59 (2): 125-134
标识
DOI:10.1097/shk.0000000000002054
摘要
Sepsis, a dysregulated host immune response to infection, is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality worldwide. Improved understanding of the perinatal immune system is critical to improve therapies to both term and preterm neonates at increased risk of sepsis. Our narrative outlines the known and unknown aspects of the human immune system through both the immune tolerant in utero period and the rapidly changing antigen-rich period after birth. We will highlight the key differences in innate and adaptive immunity noted through these developmental stages and how the unique immune phenotype in early life contributes to the elevated risk of overwhelming infection and dysregulated immune responses to infection upon exposure to external antigens shortly after birth. Given an initial dependence on neonatal innate immune host responses, we will discuss the concept of innate immune memory, or "trained immunity," and describe several potential immune modulators, which show promise in altering the dysregulated immune response in newborns and improving resilience to sepsis.
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