Hollow N-doped carbon nano-mushroom encapsulated hybrid Ni3S2/Fe5Ni4S8 particle anchored to the inner wall of porous wood carbon for efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysis

, the coordination of one-dimensional (1D) NCNMs and hierarchical three-dimensional (3D) porous CW, modified electronic states by N and S doping, a large electrochemical surface area, and low activation energy. This research provides a novel approach to industrial-scale conversion of abundant biomass into efficient binder-free electrocatalysts for energy-related applications.