Space-Confined multiple interface in super-structured TiO2@PPy composite for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption

Microwave absorption (MA) has become an important challenge with the development of electronic technology where fine structural design and interface modification of absorbing materials play a crucial role in optimizing their MA performance. In this study, hydrogenated hollow multi-shelled structure (HoMS) TiO2 (HH-T) was prepared using the sequential template method combined with hydrogenation treatment, followed by the synthesis of HH-T/PPy composite by in-situ polymerization. The HH-T/PPy composite possesses a uniform disordered interface and a uniform 3D conductive network. The HH-T/PPy composite exhibits an improved minimum reflection loss (RL) of −40.2 dB, and an effective absorption bandwidth (RL < -10 dB) of 5.02 GHz with a relatively thin matching thickness of 2.0 mm. The enhanced MA performance is mainly due to the excellent impedance characteristics, interface polarization, and conductive loss. This research offers new insights into the design and analysis of advanced microwave materials with superior performance.