High‑nickel cathodes for lithium-ion batteries: From synthesis to electricity

This review presents the development stages of Ni-based cathode materials for second-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Due to their high volumetric and gravimetric capacity and high nominal voltage, nickel-based cathodes have many applications, from portable devices to electric vehicles. A discussion of the most commonly used methods for cathode synthesis and the standard and advanced characterizations of synthesized materials is presented. The methods for preparing LIBs for electrochemical characterizations for obtaining electricity are also analyzed. The progress of synthesis methods is highlighted, connecting them to the mitigation strategies to overcome the failure mechanisms in Ni-rich cathodes. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of Ni-based cathode for LIBs through high-impact scientific references.