Eosinophils in COPD type 2 inflammation: hope or hype?

The field of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is undergoing a transformative shift with the emergence of biologic therapies [1]. These innovative treatments are redefining how we address the underlying mechanisms of disease, offering hope for a more targeted and effective approach to management. For decades, COPD was seen as a self-inflicted condition affecting primarily elderly smokers, characterized by neutrophilic inflammation. However, this perspective is changing. COPD is now recognized as a treatable condition that can affect younger individuals [2, 3]. The mechanistic pathways are also diverse, including type 2 (T2) inflammation.