Construction of a High-Toughness Energetic Self-Healing Adhesive Based on Dynamic Disulfide and Multiple Hydrogen Bonds

Energetic adhesives with excellent mechanical properties and self-healing capabilities play a pivotal role in the storage and application of propellants. To address this, we developed an energetic self-healing adhesive (GAAPU) based on glycidyl azide polymer (GAP). The adhesive’s mechanical performance was enhanced by incorporating acyl semicarbazide (ASCZ) structures. Additionally, by adjusting the ratio of ASCZ to aromatic disulfide structures, we optimized the configuration of strong and weak hydrogen bond arrays, resulting in the creation of GAAPU-2, an adhesive that demonstrates outstanding mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency. The toughness of GAAPU-2 reaches 57.12 MJ·m–3, and it can rapidly recover its mechanical properties under mild conditions. When applied to solid propellants, experimental results reveal that GAAPU-2 not only exhibits remarkable self-healing ability but also shows higher energy release and more intense flame reactions during combustion, significantly outperforming traditional hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellants. Adhesion strength tests indicate that GAAPU80 and the adhesive exhibit excellent reusability and adhesion strength. The application of self-healing adhesives in propellants imparts self-repair capabilities and enhances combustion performance. Superior adhesion strength ensures interface continuity and internal structural integrity, highlighting its potential in advancing propulsion technology.