Effectiveness of Exercise-Based Interventions on Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Exercise-based interventions have proven to be an effective treatment for depressive symptoms, with neuromotor exercise training showing the highest likelihood of being the most effective type of exercise for improving depressive symptoms, followed by flexibility, aerobic, multicomponent, and resistance exercise. However, because of higher attrition rates, a limited number of studies, and loop inconsistency, the conclusion regarding effectiveness should be interpreted with caution.