Shamrock-shaped non-fullerene acceptors enable high-efficiency and high-voltage organic photovoltaics

We developed two shamrock-shaped NFAs, AQI2 and AQI4. D18:AQI2 achieved a PCE of 16.48% with a V OC of 1.00 V, and D18:AQI4 achieved a higher PCE of 18.02% with a V OC of 0.95 V due to decreased energy loss and efficient photon utilization.