A review outlook on methods for removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater

Severe environmental impacts of wastewater contamination include ecosystem deterioration and health concerns to people. The significance of wastewater in the degradation of the environment is examined in this review study, with an emphasis on the occurrence and effects of heavy metals as contaminants. Heavy metals harm the environment and people's health because they are poisonous and persistent. It similarly discovers the toxicity and carcinogenicity of heavy metals, placing particular emphasis on the negative consequences these substances can have on ecosystems and living things. The negative consequences on water bodies, soil, and air quality are highlighted as part of an investigation into the effects of Heavy Metal Ions (HMIs) as contaminants on human health and the environment. The analysis also examines the health effects linked to the basis of hazardous heavy metals, which include industrial emissions, runoff from farms, and urban wastewater. The need to eliminate environmentally sourced heavy metals is emphasised given the possible threats to both the ecosystem and human health. This article discusses different techniques and technologies, such as adsorption, membrane filtration, biological methods, and precipitation that can be used to remove heavy metals from wastewater. In the end, combating environmental contamination requires a comprehensive strategy to protect human and environmental well-being. This means putting in place sustainable practices, like appropriate wastewater treatment systems, promoting moral behaviour at work, and encouraging environmental stewardship, to create a sustainable future that puts the health of people and the environment first by making sure that heavy metals are removed and reducing wastewater pollution.