Clothing industry in transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0

Industry 5.0 has recently been introduced as a new concept. Reviewing the literature shows that Industry 5.0 brings three kinds of values: bringing humans back to industries, making businesses more resilient, and reducing environmental damage. Based on the critical capabilities of Industry 5.0, this study aims to determine how Industry 5.0 transforms the clothing industry's value chain. For this purpose, after identifying the Industry 5.0 technological capabilities through semi-structured interviews and an electronic brainstorming session, a questionnaire was sent to experts to determine how these capabilities bring the values of Industry 5.0 to the clothing industry. After three rounds of the Delphi study, the results declared 33 technological capabilities that affect the clothing industry's value chain. Additionally, among 14 indicators for human-centricity, resilience, and environmental sustainability, Industry 5.0 technological capabilities have the most significant effect on improving business resilience, cost-effectiveness, and economic development in the clothing industry.