Progress on stress resistance breeding in fish

With the continuing development of the aquaculture industry, the stress associated with many environmental factors has severely restricted the growth of fish, reduced fish resistance to disease, and had a large negative impact on fishery production. Therefore, it is of great importance for the sustainable development of aquaculture to cultivate new fish varieties with strong stress resistance. Traditional hybridization and gynogenesis, selective breeding, modern breeding techniques such as molecular marker-assisted breeding and whole genome selection breeding can be used to develop efficient and accurate fish breeding strategies, and to cultivate new fish varieties with high stress resistance. This paper reviews the status of research on fish breeding for disease resistance, cold resistance, high temperature tolerance, hypoxia tolerance, salt tolerance, saline-alkali tolerance as well as non-specific stress resistance traits, analyzes trends in research on fish breeding for stress tolerance, and explores future development directions. Furthermore, this paper proposes new ideas for fish seed industry innovation to promote its continuous and sustainable development.