阳极
材料科学
球磨机
共晶体系
结块
电解质
电流密度
化学工程
纳米-
电化学
纳米颗粒
粒径
冶金
复合材料
纳米技术
微观结构
电极
化学
工程类
物理
物理化学
量子力学
作者
Dao-Lai Fang,Yicheng Zhao,Shanshan Wang,Tai-Shun Hu,Cui-Hong Zheng
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135346
摘要
A nano-sized Si anode material was synthesized by a novel and highly efficient route of ball-milling assisted low-temperature aluminothermic reduction at 150–180 °C in a eutectic NaCl/KCl/AlCl3 mixture, using white carbon black and coarse-grained Al powder as the starting materials. After extending the duration of ball-milling assisted aluminothermic reduction to 10 h, the obtained Si yield reached as high as 94%. The synthesized nano-Si mainly consisted of irregular porous agglomerates constructed by ultrafine primary particles with a particle size less than 50 nm. The nano-Si anode showed a superior electrochemical performance. Its maximum discharge and charge capacities at a current density of 0.05 A g−1 were 3075 and 2597 mAh g−1, respectively, leading to a high initial Coulumbic efficiency of 84.5%. The nano-Si anode exhibited reversible capacities of 2458 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1, and of 1169 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 5 A g−1. After cycling at 1 A g−1 for 400 cycles, it still delivered a high reversible capacity of 804 mAh g−1. The synthetic strategy, which is not only facile and highly efficient, but also low-cost and environmentally benign, is thus promising to be applied for mass production of nano-Si anode materials for next-generation Li-ion batteries.
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