A Recursive Calibration Approach for Smart Antenna Beamforming Frontend

In this work, a simple iteration-based approach is proposed for calibration and characterization of the frequency, phase and transmit power relationship in a smart antenna Radio Frequency (RF) beamforming frontend, which has a very low computational complexity. The RF frontend has been experimentally calibrated, and the beamforming results are verified with the $4\times 4$ phased array. The RF frontend has been built using off-the-shelf components for easy realization. The proposed architecture with the closed-loop monitoring and control such as the power control (Pctrl), power detection (Pdet), in addition to the phase control allows an automatic calibration of the beamforming weights, which forms a necessary process to ensure the accuracy of the antenna array beamforming.