Study on application of stratified nursing intervention in ICU mechanical ventilation patients based on aspiration risk assessment strategy

Objective To analyze the effect of stratified nursing intervention based on aspiration risk assessment strategy in ICU mechanical ventilation patients. Methods Totally 156 patients with ICU mechanical ventilation admitted between January 2016 and December 2017 were selected as study subjects, and 78 patients were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method. The control group was given routine nursing interventions for ICU patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, and the treatment group was combined with stratified nursing interventions based on aspiration risk assessment strategy. Compare the two groups of nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practice of aspiration prevention, the complications of patient aspiration, patient satisfaction and other indicators. Results The scores of nurses′ knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of aspiration in the treatment group were (46.32±3.24), (51.41±3.56), and (49.36±4.85), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (41.25±5.32), (47.12±5.45), (44.42±5.46), The difference was statistically significant (t=4.815, 3.899, 4.002, P<0.05); The rate of aspiration, reflux, asphyxia, aspiration pneumonia in the treatment group was 7.69% (6/78), 19.23% (15/78), 1.28% (1/78), 2.56% (2/78), which were significantly lower than 29.49% (23/78), 39.74% (31/78),12.82% (10/78),20.51% (16/78) in the control group. The difference were statistically significant (χ2=7.892-12.309, P<0.05 or 0.01); Patient satisfaction 97.87% (74/78) was significantly higher than the control group 83.33% (65/78), The difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.347, P<0.05). Conclusion The stratified nursing intervention based on the aspiration risk assessment strategy can help develop nurses′ ability in knowledge, attitude and practice of aspiration prevention, reduce the occurrence of complications such as aspiration, and improve patient satisfaction. Key words: Intensive care unit; Mechanical ventilation; Aspiration; Risk assessment; Knowledge, attitude and practice.