氧化物
金属
化学物理
催化作用
密度泛函理论
电荷(物理)
材料科学
粒子(生态学)
化学键
化学
纳米
星团(航天器)
表面电荷
电子结构
原子物理学
纳米技术
结合能
过渡金属
Atom(片上系统)
分子物理学
电子
吸附
分子
原子轨道
电荷密度
价(化学)
计算化学
物理化学
复合材料
冶金
有机化学
海洋学
物理
地质学
量子力学
摘要
Understanding the interaction of small metal clusters and isolated atoms with oxide surfaces is crucial in order to rationalize the properties of heterogeneous catalysts composed of sub-nanometer metal particles dispersed on an oxide support. The interaction with the oxide surface can significantly alter the original properties of the metal deposit. In particular, the occurrence and the direction of charge transfer at the metal/oxide interface determine the chemical activity of the supported catalyst. The charge transfer depends on a number of factors like the nature of the oxide (reducible or non-reducible), the surface exposed, the presence of defects, the nature of the supported metal, etc. In this article we describe the most important conceptual aspects of the electronic metal-support interaction, a phenomenon related to the direct modification of the metal nano-particle determined by the formation of chemical bonds at the interface with the oxide. For metal nano-particles with a size of about 1 nm or below these effects become dominant although difficult to identify experimentally.
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