A REVIEW ON CLINICAL TRIALS: WHY TO INTRODUCE ZERO PHASE

Objective: The main objective of this study is to know clinical trials in nutshell and phase 0 clinical trial are to establish at the very earliest opportunity-before large numbers of patients have been accrued and exposed to potential drug-associated toxicity-whether an agent is modulating its target in a tumor, and consequently whether further clinical development is warranted. We review here the fundamental requirements of clinical studies conducted under an exploratory IND and address some common misconceptions regarding phase 0 trials. Phase 0 clinical trials, developed in response to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s recent exploratory Investigational New Drug (IND) guidance, and are intended to expedite the clinical evaluation of new molecular entities. The exploratory IND supports the performance of first-in-human testing of new investigational agents at subtherapeutic doses based on reduced manufacturing and toxicologic requirements, allowing the demonstration of drug-target effects and assessment of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships in humans earlier in clinical development. Conclusion: From this present review study, we concluded that Phase “0” in clinical trials can work as a useful parameter to measure drug safety at subtherapeutic level and the fundamental requirements of clinical studies conducted under an exploratory IND and address some common misconceptions regarding phase 0 trials.