Objective It is to observe the protecting function of open in-heart operation under pulsating on cardiac muscle.Methods 20 patients who were operated with open in-heart operation under pulsating were chosen as experiment group and 20 patients who were operated with lower-thermic heart operation under non-pulsating were chosen as control group. The phosphate creatine kinase(CK-MB), the witherer and the changing of ultrostructure of cardiac muscle cells of the patients in the two groups were observed.Results The CK-MB in experiment group was lower than that in control group after the operation for 12 hours and 24 hours and those were got right. The withering rate and the destructive degree of cardiac muscle cells in experiment group were both lower than that in control group.Conclusion Although open in-heart operation under pulsating has some destructive effect on cardiac muscle, the effect is slighter than lower-thermic heart operation under non-pulsating. It has some protecting function on cardiac muscle.