医学
酗酒
初级保健
酒精使用障碍
酒精依赖
药物治疗
酒
疾病
饮酒量
梅德林
精神科
重症监护医学
家庭医学
内科学
生物化学
化学
政治学
法学
作者
Mark L. Willenbring,Suena H. Massey,Maureen B. Gardner
出处
期刊:PubMed
日期:2009-07-01
卷期号:80 (1): 44-50
被引量:74
摘要
Excessive alcohol consumption is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, but few heavy drinkers receive treatment. Primary care physicians are in a position to address heavy drinking and alcohol use disorders with patients, and can do so quickly and effectively. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism has published a guide for physicians that offers an evidence-based approach to screening, assessing, and treating alcohol use disorders in general health care settings. Screening can be performed by asking patients how many heavy drinking days they have per week. Assessing patients' willingness to change their drinking behaviors can guide treatment. Treatment recommendations should be presented in a clear, nonjudgmental way. Patients who are not alcohol-dependent may opt to reduce drinking to lower risk levels. Patients with alcohol dependence should receive pharmacotherapy and brief behavioral support, as well as disease management for chronic relapsing dependence. All patients with alcohol dependence should be encouraged to participate in community support groups
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