Having analysed scientific literature sources, the authors describe peculiarities in osteointegration of the bone tissue with titanium implants and examine the effect of the surface structure, porosity in particular, of titanium implants on osteointegration. The article analyses different coats, which increase osteointegrative potencies of titanium. The authors revealed directions for improving medical-biological effects of titanium implants on the basis of the study of osteointegration mechanisms.