Comprehensive evaluation of spatially ecological quality of Rao River Basin and its spatial differentiation based on multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method

开展国土空间生态调查与评价，摸清区域三类空间生态现状与问题所在，是进行区域国土空间生态修复、空间格局优化等工作的必要前提。基于城镇、农业和生态空间自身的结构、功能和效应，构建国土空间生态质量综合评价体系，以饶河流域所涉县市为研究区域，采用多目标综合评价法开展国土空间生态质量综合评价研究并进行分区，探究结果的空间分异特征。结果表明：（1）研究区国土空间生态质量整体水平良好，中等以上区域占比70.6%。（2）Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级分区主要分布于研究区东北部，该区域的生态环境、生态效益与社会经济呈协同发展态势。（3）研究区国土空间生态质量存在较强的空间相关性和聚集性特征，冷点和热点区域面积基本持平。（4）结合综合评估及障碍度诊断结果，建议依据研究区自然优势，调整社会经济结构，推进工业健康转型，改善城镇空间人居环境，整体提高生态效益水平。研究可为研究区国土空间规划、生态修复、生态-经济-社会可持续发展等提供科学依据和参考价值。;Understanding clearly the ecological status and problems of three types of region space through the ecological survey and evaluation is a necessary prerequisite for regional land and space ecological restoration and spatial pattern optimization. Taking the counties and cities in the Rao River basin as an example, this study constructed a comprehensive evaluation system for the ecological quality of territorial space. Based on the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method, this study conducted a comprehensive evaluation and zoning of the ecological quality of territorial space in the study area, and explored the spatial differentiation characteristics of each zone. The results showed that:(1) The overall ecological quality level of the study area was good, and the area above the middle level accounted for 70.6%. (2) Level I and Level Ⅱ were mainly distributed in the northeast of the study area, and the ecological environment, ecological benefits and social economy in these areas were in a coordinated development trend. (3) The ecological quality of the territorial space was characterized by strongly spatial correlation and aggregation, and the area of cold spots and hot spots was basically equal. (4) Combined with the results of the comprehensive evaluation and obstacle degree diagnosis, it was recommended to adjust the social and economic structure, promote the healthy transformation of industry, improve the urban residential environment, and improve the overall level of ecological benefits based on the natural advantages of the study area. This study can provide scientific basis and reference value for land space planning, ecological restoration, ecological-economic-social sustainable development of the study area.