The Norm and Pathology in Spinal Biomechanics: Main Aspects of Studies*

The review focuses on the main aspects of spinal biomechanics, such as the strength of anatomical structures forming the anterior and posterior spinal columns, kinematic properties of spinal motion segments and spinal regions, biomechanics of spinal deformities, remodeling of bone graft under the deformity correction, biomechanics of implants and instrumented spine.