A prospective study on prevalence and causes of insomnia among end-stage renal failure patients on hemodialysis in selected dialysis centers in Qassim, Saudi Arabia

Studies directed toward improving the life quality of hemodialysis (HD) patients revealed different etiologies for insomnia. We aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia and determine associated etiologies in the AL Qassim region. This interview-based questionnaire study was conducted in HD centers for assessment of insomnia and its related causes using a validated screening questionnaire, developed by the JPS health network. Accordingly, patients were classified as insomnia, insomnia for further evaluation and management and no insomnia. Of 111 patients, there were 55 males and 56 females. The prevalence of primary insomnia was 28.82%, compared to 44% for secondary insomnia. Significant correlations linked insomnia with apnea, night itching, and not using phosphate binder usage. Primary and secondary insomnia is frequent among dialysis patients and require an application of diagnostic tools and severity scales. The assessment of causes and treatment of the complaints of apnea, usage of phosphate binders, and itching should be considered to decrease complications and improve quality of life.