光毒性
纳米探针
磷光
菁
费斯特共振能量转移
纳米颗粒
光化学
氧传感器
氧气
纳米技术
材料科学
化学
荧光
光电子学
发光
光学
有机化学
物理
生物化学
体外
作者
Pichandi Ashokkumar,Nagappanpillai Adarsh,Andrey S. Klymchenko
出处
期刊:Small
[Wiley]
日期:2020-06-25
卷期号:16 (32)
被引量:45
标识
DOI:10.1002/smll.202002494
摘要
Abstract Luminescent oxygen probes enable direct imaging of hypoxic conditions in cells and tissues, which are associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Here, a nanoparticle probe that addresses key challenges in the field is developed, it: i) strongly amplifies room temperature phosphorescence of encapsulated oxygen‐sensitive dyes; ii) provides ratiometric response to oxygen; and iii) solves the fundamental problem of phototoxicity of phosphorescent sensors. The nanoprobe is based on 40 nm polymeric nanoparticles, encapsulating ≈2000 blue‐emitting cyanine dyes with fluorinated tetraphenylborate counterions, which are as bright as 70 quantum dots (QD525). It functions as a light‐harvesting nanoantenna that undergoes efficient Förster resonance energy transfer to ≈20 phosphorescent oxygen‐sensitive platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) acceptor dyes. The obtained nanoprobe emits stable blue fluorescence and oxygen‐sensitive red phosphorescence, providing ratiometric response to dissolved oxygen. The light harvesting leads to ≈60‐fold phosphorescence amplification and makes the single nanoprobe particle as bright as ≈1200 PtOEP dyes. This high brightness enables oxygen detection at a single‐particle level and in cells at ultra‐low nanoprobe concentration with no sign of phototoxicity, in contrast to PtOEP dye. The developed nanoprobe is successfully applied to the imaging of a microfluidics‐generated oxygen gradient in cancer cells. It constitutes a promising tool for bioimaging of hypoxia.
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