Sampled Data-Based Observer and Resilient Event-Triggered Controller Design for Cyber-Physical Systems to Mitigate Bounded Mixed Cyber Attacks

This article addresses the secure control problem for cyber-physical systems (CPSs) subject to energy-bounded mixed network attacks, which comprise both false-data-injection (FDI) attacks and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks occurring simultaneously. To cope with transmission constraints and the unavailability of full state measurements, we design a novel sampled-data observer that concurrently estimates system states and reconstructs FDI attacks, thereby enabling effective attack compensation within the control loop. Moreover, we introduce a resilient event-triggered mechanism (ETM) capable of tolerating energy-bounded DoS attacks. By integrating this mechanism with the proposed observer, we construct an observer-based event-triggered controller that ensures system stability without requiring detailed attack information. The controller guarantees asymptotically bounded convergence under mixed attacks while avoiding restrictive assumptions in the existence analysis. Numerical simulations conducted on a three-tank system and an inverted pendulum system validate the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed approach compared to existing methods.