清脆的
生物
基因组编辑
基因
计算生物学
基因沉默
基因组工程
基因靶向
遗传学
生物技术
作者
Irene Guzmán-Benito,Natalia Patricia Achkar,Nicolas Gerardo Bologna,Robertas Ursache
摘要
Gene targeting can be used to make modifications at a specific region in a plant's genome and create high-precision tools for plant biotechnology and breeding. However, its low efficiency is a major barrier to its use in plants. The discovery of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas-based site-specific nucleases capable of inducing double-strand breaks in desired loci resulted in the development of novel approaches for plant gene targeting. Several studies have recently demonstrated improvements in gene targeting efficiency through cell-type-specific expression of Cas nucleases, the use of self-amplified gene-targeting-vector DNA, or manipulation of RNA silencing and DNA repair pathways. In this review, we summarize recent advances in CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene targeting in plants and discuss potential efficiency improvements. Increasing the efficiency of gene targeting technology will help pave the way for increased crop yields and food safety in environmentally friendly agriculture.
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